Untuk Pembelajaran selanjutnya…
PEMBAHASAN :
Asumsi yang penulis miliki tentang program pendidikan guru adalah …, perhatikan paragraf ke-4: “Effective development of pre-service teachers’ ICT proficiency does not seem to be direct process, but is the one asking for a careful, complex approach. First, a needs assessment is important to find out what ICT skills and knowledge teachers need at school. Second, designers of teacher education programs should know the pre-service teachers’ perceptions of ICT and their attitudes toward ICT integration into curriculum. Third, teacher education programs need to consider the two typical arguments that support the ICT use in school.”
Kedua, perancang dari program pendidikan guru harus mengetahui persepsi guru pra jabatan tentang TIK dan sikap mereka terhadap integrasi TIK ke dalam kurikulum. Maka asumsinya adalah “The programs have given materials related to the pre-service teachers’ perceptions of ICT”artinya program yang diberikan materinya harus berkaitan dengan persepsi guru prajabatan tentang TIK.
Jawaban C
Soal No.7
Which lines of the passage ilustrate the ideal ICT teacher education programs most effectively?
PEMBAHASAN :
Baris mana pada teks tersebut yang menggambarkan program pendidikan guru TIK ideal yang paling efektif? Perhatikan paragraf ke – 4: “Effective development of pre-service teachers’ ICT proficiency does not seem to be direct process, but is the one asking for a careful, complex approach. First, a needs assessment is important to find out what ICT skills and knowledge teachers need at school. Second, designers of teacher education programs should know the pre-service teachers’ perceptions of ICT and their attitudes toward ICT integration into curriculum. Third, teacher education programs need to consider the two typical arguments that support the ICT use in school.” Baris pada paragraf ke – 4 adalah baris ke 51 – 54.
Jawaban D
Question 8 – 11 are based on the following passage
Climate change is changing our economy, health, and communities in diverse ways. Scientists warn that if we do not aggressively curb climate change now, the result will likely be disastrous.
Carbon dioxide and other global warming pollutants are collecting in the atmosphere like a thickening blanket, trapping the Sun’s heat and causing the planet to warm up.
Although local temperatures fluctuate naturally, over the past 50 years the average global temperature has increased at the fastest rate in recorded history. Scientists say that unless we curb the emissions that cause climate change, average U.S. temperatures could be 3 to 9 degrees higher by the end of the century.
Climate change is a complex phenomenon, and its full-scale impacts are hard to predict far in advance. But each year scientists learn more about how climate change is affecting the planet and our communities, and most agree that certain consequences are likely to occur if current trends continue.
In addition to impacting our water resources, energy supply, transprtation, agriculture, and ecosystems, the United States Global Change Research Program concludes that climate change also proses unique challenges to human health, for example, significant increases in the risk of illness and detah related to extreme heat and waves are very likely. Some diseases transmitted by food, water, and insect are likely to increase. Certain groups, including children, the alderfly, and the poor, are most vulnerable to a range of climate-related health effect. These impacts will result in significant costs to our families and the economy.
Here is the a good news: technologies exist today to make cars that run cleaner and burn less gas, modernize power plants and generate electricity from nonpolluting sources, and cut our electricity use through energy efficiency. The challenge is to be sure these solutions are put to use.
Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) is tackling global warming on two main fronts – cutting pollution and expanding clean energy. Transitioning to a clean energy economy will bring new job and reduce a air pollution. We cannot afford to wait.
(diadaptasi dari https://group.axa.com/newsroom/news/global-warming)
Soal No.8
It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that …
- Carbon dioxside and other pollutants blanket the atmosphere
- Carbon dioxide and other pollutants collect the sun’s heat
- The sun’s heat blankets the atmosphere
- Carbon dioxside and other pollutants warm up the atmosphere
- The atmosphere accumulates carbon dioxside and other pollutants
PEMBAHASAN :
Paragraph 2: “Carbon dioxide and other global warming pollutants are collecting in the atmosphere like a thickening blanket, trapping the Sun’s heat and causing the planet to warm up” (karbondioksida dan polutan pemanasan global lainnya berkumpul di atmosfer seperti selimut yang menebal, menjebak panas matahari dan menyebabkan planet memanas).
It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that (dapat disimpulkan dari paragraf ke – 2 bahwa): Carbon dioxside and other pollutants blanket the atmosphere (karbondioksida dan polutan lainnya menyelimuti atmosfer).
Jawaban A
Soal No.9
The sentence ‘Climate change is complex phenomenon, and its ful scale, impact are hard to predict far in advance. ‘In line 19-21, is closet in the meaning to …
- It is imposible to forecast the effects of climate change
- It is intricate to understand the nature of climate change
- It is hard to understand the full-scale effects of climate scale
- It is complicated to predict climate change due to its full-scale effect
- It is difficult to precisely predict the effects of climate change due to its complex nature
PEMBAHASAN :
Perubahan iklim merupakan fenomena yang kompleks, dan dampaknya sepenuhnya sulit untuk diprediksi jauh sebelumnya. Kalimat tersebut terdapat pada paragraf ke-4 yaitu: “Climate change is a complex phenomenon, and its full-scale impacts are hard to predict far in advance. But each year scientists learn more about how climate change is affecting the planet and our communities, and most agree that certain consequences are likely to occur if current trends continue.”
Kalimat yang memiliki makna sama dengan kalimat di atas adalah “It is complicated to predict climate change due to its full-scale effect” (sulit untuk memprediksikan perubahan iklim karena efeknya yang menyeluruh).
Jawaban D
Soal No.10
Which the following abviously shows the author’s bias?
- Climate change is canging our economy, health, and communities in diverse ways
- Climate change is a complex phenomenon, and its full-scale impacts are hard topredict far in advance
- Significant increases in the risk of illness and death related to extreme heat and heat waves are very likely
- The challenge is to be sure these solutions are put to use
- Transitioning to a clean energy economy will bring new jobs and reduce air pollution. We cannot afford to wait
PEMBAHASAN :
Maksud pertanyaan di atas adalah manakah berikut ini yang dengan jelas menunjukkan bias penulis?
Perhatikan pada paragraf ke – 1: “Climate change is changing our economy, health, and communities in diverse ways. Scientists warn that if we do not aggressively curb climate change now, the result will likely be disastrous” (perubahan iklim mengubah perekonomian, kesehatan, dan masyarakat dengan cara yang beragam . Para ilmuwan memperingatkan bahwa jika kita tidak secara agresif mengendalikan perubahan iklim sekarang, pada akhirnya mungkin akan terjadi bencana).
Maka yang menunjukkan bias penulis adalah “Climate change is canging our economy, health, and communities in diverse ways.”
Jawaban A
Soal No.11
The author presents the unique challenges to human health due to climate change by …
- Discussing several examples
- Pointing out several examples
- Explaining a research program
- Outlining a research program
- Making a prediction
PEMBAHASAN :
Penulis menyuguhkan tantangan yang unik bagi kesehatan manusia akibat perubahan iklim dengan … Perhatikan pada paragraf ke-5: “In addition to impacting our water resources, energy supply, transprtation, agriculture, and ecosystems, the United States Global Change Research Program concludes that climate change also proses unique challenges to human health, for example, significant increases in the risk of illness and detah related to extreme heat and waves are very likely. Some diseases transmitted by food, water, and insect are likely to increase. Certain groups, including children, the alderfly, and the poor, are most vulnerable to a range of climate-related health effect. These impacts will result in significant costs to our families and the economy.”
Pada paragraf ke-5 (kalimat yang ditebalkan) dijelaskan beberapa contoh tantangan yang unik bagi kesehatan manusia akibat perubahan iklim, “Discussing several examples”
Jawaban A
Questions 12-15 are based on the following passage
Despite its name, heartburn has nothing to do with the heart. Some of the symptoms, however, are similar to those of a heart attack or heart disease. Heartburn is an irritation of the esophagus that is caused by stomach acid, which can create a burning discomfort in the upper abdomen or below the breast bone.
With gravity’s help, a muscular valve callled the lower esophageal sphincter, or LES, keeps stomach acid the stomach. The LES is located where the esophagus meets the stomach – below the rib cage and slightly left of center. Normally it opens to allow food into the stomach or to permit belching, and the closes again. If, however, the LES opens too often or does not close tight enough, stomach acid can reflux, or seep, into the esophagus and cause the burning sensation. Occasional heartburn is not dangerous, but chronic heartburn or gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) can sometimes lead to serious problems.
The basic cause of heartburn is a lower esophageal sphincter, or LES, that does not tighten as it should. Two excesses often contribute to this problem: too much food in the stomach (overeating) or too much presure on the stomach (frequently from obesity, pregnancy, or constipation). Certain foods commonly relax the LES including tomatoes, citrus fruits, garlic, onions, chocolate, coffee, alcohol, caffeinated product, and peppermint. Meals high in fats and oils (animal or vegetable) often lead to heart burn, as do certain medications. Stress and lack of sleep can increase acid production and can cause heartburn. Smoking, which relaxes the LES and stimulates stomach acid, is major contributor.
How does heartbun happen?when you eat, food goes from you mouth down a tube called the esophagus into your stomach. In between the esophagus and the stomach is an opening called the lower esophageal sphincter. This muscular valve act like a door to let food in to your stomach. It normally closes quickly behind the food to keep stomach acids – which break down the food – from backing up into your esophagus.
If that valve does not close all the way, stomach acid backs up, or refluxes, into the esophagus. Stomach acid irritates the linong of the esophagus and causes a painful burning sensation. The feeling may be worse after bending over or when you lie down.
Certain foods and drinks – like tomato product, alcohol, citrus, coffe, and fatty or spicy foods – may be more likely to irritate the lower esophageal sphincter and make heartburn worse. Being overweight, eating big meals, wearing clothes that are tight around the waist and smoking also raise your risk for heartburn. Learning what triggers your heartburn can help you case the burn.
(Diadaptasi dari http://www.gghospital.in/blog/heartburn-cause-and-cure/)
Soal No.12
Which of the following reflects the author’s attitude toward the topic of the passage?
- Persuasive
- Indifferent
- Informative
- Skeptical
- Optimistic
PEMBAHASAN :
Manakah dari kata berikut ini yang mencerminkan sikap penulis terhadap topik dari bacaan tersebut?
Teks di atas bersifat menginformasikan (informative) karena berisi informasi dan keterangan tentang heartburn (maag) yaitu gejala dan faktor-faktor penyebab maag.
Jawaban C
Semoga Bermanfaat