Rangkuman, Contoh Soal Subjunctive Jawaban & Pembahasannya

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Untuk Pembelajaran selanjutnya…

Subjunctive disebut juga expression of wish adalah aspek gramatikal yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu harapan atau keinginan, baik keinginan si masa sekarang (present) maupun keinginan di masa lampau (past) yang sama sekali tidak akan/tidak bisa terwujud karena adanya sebuah fakta yang tidak bisa terpenuhi atau tidak bisa diubah.

Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini

All students very wishes that their Biology teacher forgot about the test held today
What does the sentence mean?

  1. The Biology teacher really forgets the test that will be held today
  2. All students does the test today
  3. All students did not do the Biology test that day
  4. The teacher does not hold the test that day.

Untuk menjawab tipe soal tersebut, perhatikan analisis sederhana berikut ini: yang diharapkan atau inginnya siswa adalah guru Biologi lupa tentang test yang akan dilaksanakan hari ini (the Biology teacher really forgets the test that will be held today). Faktanya, si guru tidak lupa dan tes tetap dilaksanakan hari ini atau semua siswa tetap mengerjakan tes hari ini (All students does the test today)

Jadi subjunctive pastinya harus bertolak belakang dengan kenyataan (fact/real/meaning). What does the sentence mean? adalah pertanyaan yang mengungkapkan tentang fakta.

 Agar mudah untuk menganalisis teori, silakan lihat tips cepat di bawah ini!

Quick tips 1:

Keterangan:

  • Tanda X bermakna subjunctive selalu bertolak belakang dengan kenyataan.
  • Wish bermakna “inginnya/berharapnya” sedangkan as if/as though bermakna “seakan-akan atau seolah-olah”
  • Subjunctive dalam quick tips 1 selalu diikuti oleh time clues for present seperti, now (sekarang), right now (saat ini), at the moment (sekarang), today (hari ini), etc
  • Subjunctive dalam quick tips 1 selalu bertolak belakang dengan fakta (fact) dengan aturan sebagai berikut: jika subjunctive berbentuk past (were, verb 2/didn’t, could) maka fakta atau maknanya harus dalam bentuk present (are/am/is/verb1/don’t/doesn’t). Jadi subjunctive memiliki satu tense lebih tua dari pada kenyataan.
  • Dalam subjunctive, penggunaan bentuk was tidak diperbolehkan. Penggunaan bentuk were dipakai untuk semua jenis subjek, termasuk subjek tunggal (singular subject) seperti she, he, it, dan I

Contoh analisis kalimat:

Subjunctive                                  

Contoh:

No Subjunctive    What does the sentence mean?
1 Novel wishes his English Grammar book were published and distributed today.

(Novel berharap buku tata bahasa Inggrisnya diterbitkan dan didistribusilan hari ini)

  • Novel’s English grammar book is not published and distributed today.
    (Buku tameta bahasa Inggris Novel tidak diterbitkan dan didistribusikan hari ini)
  • People or English grammar book lovers can’t read Novel’s book today.
    (Orang-orang atau pecinta buku tata bahasa Inggris tidak bisa membaca bukunya Novel)
2 Alex orders people around as if he were the owner of the restaurant.

(Alex memerintah orang-orang di sekitarnya seakan-akan dialah pemilik restaurant)

  • Alex is not the owner of the restaurant.
    (Alex bukanlah pemilik restauran terebut)
  • Alex is just an ordinary employee in that restaurant
    (Alex hanyalah pegawai biasa di restauaran tersebut)
3 Right now, the kids are wishing they could play football in spite of the rain hard.

(Sekarang, anak-anak sedang berharap mereka bisa bermain bola meskipun hujan deras)

  •  The kids can’t play footbal due to the rain hard)
    (Anak-anak tidak bisa bermain sepak bola karena hujan deras)
  • Maybe, the kids parents prohibit them to play footbal because of the rain hard.
    (Mungkin, orang tua si anak-anak melarang mereka bermain sepak bola karena hujan deras)
4 The tourists wish the Thailand’s beaches were more beautiful than those of Bali

(Para turis berharap pantai-pantai di Thailand lebih indah daripada pantai-pantai yang ada di Bali)

  • Thailand’s are not as beautiful as those of Bali
    (Pantai-pantai di Thailand tidak seindah pantai-pantainya Bali)
  • Bali’s beaches are more beautiful than those of Thailand
    (Pantai-pantai Bali lebih indah daripada pantai-pantainya Thailand.)

 Keterangan: istilah what does the sentence mean? Dalam pertanyaan adalah makna, kenyataan, atau fakta dari subjunctive

Quick tips 2:

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Keterangan:

  • Subjunctive dalam quick tips 2 selalu diikuti oleh time clues for past seperti, last month (bulan lalu), ten minutes ago (sepuluh menit yang lalu), yesterday (kemarin), in 208, etc
  • Subjunctive dalam quick tips 2 selalu bertolak belakang dengan fakta (fact) dengan aturan sebagai berikut: jika subjunctive berbentuk past perfect (had verb 2/been) maka fakta atau maknanya harus dalam bentuk present (was/were, verb 2/didn’t, could)

Contoh analisis kalimat:

Subjunctive

Contoh

No Subjunctive  Fact/Real/Meaning
1 Ngu Yen wished he had renovated his house before the Winter’s coming.

(Ngu Yen berharap ia sudah merenovasi rumahnya sebelum datangnya musim dingin)

  • Ngu Yen did not renovate his house until the Winter’s coming
    (Ngu Yen tidak/belum mernovasi rumahnya hingga Musim Dingin tiba)
  • The Winter came and Ngu Yen’s house was not renovated.
    (Musim Dingin tiba dan rumah Ngu Yen tidak/belum direnovasi)
2 Last week, Restu cried as though he had seen the most touching moment in his life. to obtain
(Minggu kemarin, Restu menangis seakan-akan ia telah melihat momen paling menyentuh dalam hidupnya)
  • Restu actually didn’t see the most touching moment in his life)
    (Restu sebenarnya tidak melihat momen paling menyentuh dalam hidupnya)
  • Someone or something (but that was not the touching moment) made him cry.
    (Seseorang atau sesuatu (tapi itu bukan momen menyentuh) telah membuatnya menangis.

 

3 Our parents wished we had been  great gymnasts after our training in Europe

(Orang tua kita berharap kita menjadi pesenam hebat setelah latihannya di Eropa)

  • Our training in Europe was possibly unsuccessful
    (Latihan kita di Eropa mungkin tidak berhasil)
  • We ware not  great gymnasts
    (Kita bukanlah pesenam yang hebat)
4 My friend was suddenly fired from his company as if he had made the fatal mistake.

(Temanku mendadak dipecat dari perusahaannya seolah-olah ia telah membuat kesalahan fatal)

  • My friend actually did not make a fatal mistake.
    (Temanku sebenarnya tidak membuat kesalahan fatal)
  • The company did not give the reason for my friend’s dismissal
    (Perusahaan tidak memberikan alasan pemecatan temanku)
  • My friend was not the employee anymore in the company firing him
    (Temanku bukan lagi pekerja di perusahaan yang memecatnya)

Soal No.1
Temukan makna atau arti dari subjunctive yang ada di bawah ini!

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  1. They wished the snow in the city had been slushy.
    Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________
  2. Pratama drove the sport car very fast as though he had been running after the F1 car on the race
    Meaning: ___________________________________________________________________
  3. Bambang wished his father hadn’t bought this old fashioned house last year
    Meaning:____________________________________________________________________
  4. Just wish you were in the great concert of Metalica now!
    Meaning:______________________________________________________________
  5. They are finally lost as if they forgot the way home
    Meaning:______________________________________________________________
  6. The governor of Anies Baswedan wishes that Jakarta would be free from traffic jam this moment.
    Meaning:____________________________________________________________________

PEMBAHASAN :

  1. The snow wasn’t slushy
  2. Pratama was not running after F1 car and he did not drive his sport car on the race.
  3. Bambang’s father bought this old fashioned house last year
  4. You are not in the great concert of Metalica now
  5. Although they are lost, they do not forget the way home.
  6. Jakarta will not be free from traffic jam this moment.

Soal No.2
“Miss Nadine wishes she ______ face a problem during her long trip to Japan”
“We hope so”

  1. Will not
  2. Wouldn’t
  3. Would
  4. Would have been
  5. Will have

PEMBAHASAN :
Penggunaan subjunctive verb dalam bentuk present (wishes) harus diikuti bentuk past, termasuk modal past tense (would/wouldn’t + Verb1). Lihat quick tips 1! “Nona Nadine berharap ia tidak akan menemukan masalah selama perjalanannya ke Jepang.”
Jawaban B

Soal No.3
“Don’t speak as though you knew everything in this case”
“Certainly”
From the sentence you apparently……

  1. Know everything
  2. Are under pressure
  3. Knew nothing
  4. Didn’t know anything
  5. Don’t know anything

PEMBAHASAN :
“Jangan berbicara seakan-akan kamu tahu segalanya tentang masalah ini” (dituangkan dalam bentuk past). Perhatikan bentuk tenses setelah konjungsi as though (seakan-akan). Maka maknanya harus berbentuk present dan berkebalikan (dia sebenarnya tidak tahu apa-apa).
Jawaban E

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Soal No.4
“Problems of transportation have caused donated food and clothing for the tsunami victims to be piled up at the airport”
“I wish _____”

  1. There are more volunteer to help
  2. The victims should not have been worried
  3. The government can ask for help
  4. The problem will be solved immediately
  5. There were more helicopters available

PEMBAHASAN :
Masalah transportasi telah menyebabkan pasokan makanan dan pakaian untuk korban tsunami menumpuk di bandara. “Problems of transportation have caused donated food and clothing for the tsunami victims to be piled up at the airport”. Kalimat fakta tersebut dituangkan dalam bentuk present. Maka harapannya (subjunctivenya) harus berbebtuk past (verb 2, did not, atau was/were). I wish there were more helicopters available. (Saya harap ada helikopter lebih)
Jawaban E

Soal No.5
He orders people around as if he were the owner of the restaurant.
From the sentence we know that ….

  1. He has worked hard to own the restaurant
  2. He has been the owner for years
  3. He is very proud of his restaurant
  4. He is just an ordinary employee
  5. He is a successful businessman

PEMBAHASAN :
Ia memerintah orang sekitar seakan-akan dialah pemilik restauran ini. (He orders people around as if he were the owner of the restaurant.). Bentuk subjunctive (setelah as if) dituangkan dalam bentuk past tense (he were), maka real-nya harus dalam bentuk present dan bertolak belakang secara makna dengan subjunctive tersebut. Faktanya: Ia hanya perkerja biasa (He is just an ordinary employee)
Jawaban D

Soal No.6
The fact is that Raffi’s mother would be shocked when she held a snake toy.
What does Raffi wish?

  1. He wishes his mother would have been shocked
  2. He wished his mother wouldn’t have been shocked
  3. He wished his mother were not shocked
  4. He wishes his mother is not shocked
  5. He wished his mother won’t be shocked

PEMBAHASAN :
Fakta dalam soal tersebut dalam bentuk modal past (Raffi’s mother would be shocked when she held a snake toy). Artinya, Ibunya Raffi akan kaget ketika memegang mainan ular. Harapannya adalah (harus dalam bentuk modal perfect). Raffi wished his mother wouldn’t have been shocked. (Ibunya Raffi tidak kaget)
Jawaban B

Semoga Bermanfaat

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